To Cite or Not to Cite: A Note of Annoyance
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چکیده
Sociologists often talk about the “reward” system in science and scholarship. Publication of papers, especially in prestigious journals, adds to an author’s credits. When an author’s work contributes to your own work he is entitled to some “reward” for adding to the world’s knowledge. These rewards are usually given in the form of reference citations. This is, of course, an over-simplification, but it reflects the mores or ethics of international research. Later authors ‘‘reward” the work of their predecessors, so when an author fails to cite relevant earlier work the uncited author may be justly annoyed. This happened to me (again) recently, and has caused me to reflect once again on the citation habits of scientists. I must confess that the article in question elevated my blood pressure. But I know that this feeling is shared by many colleagues. It is, I believe, only human and natural to feel this way. However, 1 will not embarass the particular author concerned, who seems to have been unaware of the specific uncited work. Ironically, the article involved concerned the citing behavior of scientists. Since citation practices are a social characteristic of science, and sociologists are interested in the analysis of such characteristics—which encompass the feelings of the individuals being studied—I will help the author in question by explicitly characterizing my feelings: I am annoyed. 1 am annoyed because my existence has been denied, and I believe that my reaction is typical of researchers whose contributions are used but not acknowledged. Even though the author of the article clearly has studied my work; even though my contributions were essential for the development of the tools he used; even though his work would not have been possible without my contributions; he has failed to acknowledge in any way the debt he owes me. This kind of treatment helps me understand the feelings of certain “dissident” scientists whose names are erased from bibliographies, 1 have been told that the failure of authors to cite my work in socio-
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